European Investor Guides
Plain-English explanations of the tax rules that determine your actual returns as a European investor. No jargon, no financial advice — just the facts.
Dutch Box 3 Explained
Wealth tax on investments — how it works, acc vs dist, and what changes in 2028
German Vorabpauschale 2026
The annual "pre-tax" on accumulating ETFs — what it is, how it is calculated, and how much you actually pay
French PEA: Which ETFs Qualify?
The 75% EU rule, why IWDA and VWCE are blocked, and how to build a world portfolio inside the PEA
Dividend Withholding Tax in Europe
Why ETF domicile matters, the two layers of WHT, and how much it actually costs you annually
DEGIRO vs Trade Republic vs Scalable Capital
Costs, ETF selection, savings plans, securities lending, and tax reporting compared honestly
What is a UCITS ETF?
The regulatory framework behind every ETF available to European investors — and why you cannot buy Vanguard funds from the US
Accumulating vs Distributing ETFs
Same index, two structures. Which is better depends on where you live and how your country taxes investment income
ECB Interest Rates Explained
How ECB rate decisions flow through to stock valuations, bank margins, bond yields, and the euro — with sector-by-sector impact
AEX, DAX, CAC 40, FTSE 100 Explained
Six major European indices, six different market characters — what each measures, the dominant sectors, and what moves them
Bond Yields and European Stocks
Why rising Bund yields compress growth stock valuations, how the BTP-Bund spread signals eurozone stress, and which sectors benefit